The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.